Geopolitics and global power dynamics play an important role in shaping relations between countries and influencing foreign policy. In this context, geopolitics refers to the study of how geographic factors influence politics and power at the global level. Global power dynamics are strongly influenced by economic, technological and security developments, making certain regions more strategic. One of the key aspects in geopolitics is geographical position. Countries located on vital trade routes, such as the Malacca Strait, will have a greater influence in the global economy. In addition, the wealth of natural resources, such as oil and gas in the Middle East, also functions as a magnet for international interests. The shift in power is also visible in how major powers, such as the United States, China, and Russia, interact with each other. With China’s emergence as a major economic power, uncertainty is emerging in the Asia-Pacific region. Initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) launched by China, which aims to expand its influence through infrastructure investment in various countries, are often responded to by other countries with balancing strategies. In addition, global power dynamics are also influenced by strategic alliances and international organizations. NATO, for example, serves as a shield for European and North American countries against Russian threats. On the other hand, organizations such as BRICS with membership countries such as Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa are trying to streamline Western power by developing alternatives in the global economic system. In a technological context, cyber warfare is a major concern, as countries engage in competition to control advanced technology. The United States Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and other cyber defense efforts demonstrate the importance of cybersecurity in modern geopolitics. Data and information penetration has become a weapon in maintaining or influencing global power. The scale of social protests and movements in various countries also illustrates how public opinion influences foreign policy. Social media plays a role in disseminating information, strengthening identity, and voicing the wishes of the people. This sends a signal that power also lies in the hands of individuals and groups, not just the state. With all these dynamics, the global balance of power continues to adapt. Small countries also try to minimize threats by establishing strategic partnerships and optimizing diplomacy. Indonesia, for example, which is on global trade routes, plays an active role in international forums to strengthen its position on the geopolitical arena. In conclusion, understanding geopolitics and global power dynamics is not only important for state leaders, but also for the general public to evaluate the influence of foreign policy on everyday life. Through continuous analysis, countries can adapt to change, to ensure shared security and prosperity in an increasingly complex world.
